weather and mental health
Weather might be a small thing in life, but it can have a huge mental and physical impact on how we feel. In Scotland, weather is often the topic of conversation, which shows that we really care about how it can affect our day. Plans could be scuppered amid early dark days, constant rain or blazing heat, showing that weather conditions can influence our mood, energy levels and overall mental health.
Changes in weather are often linked to fluctuations in mood and behaviour. For instance, gloomy weather with reduced sunlight can lower serotonin levels (the hormone responsible for happiness and relaxation), leading to Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) and symptoms of depression. On the other hand, extreme heat doesn’t always mean improved mood. It can lead to irritability, restlessness and even physical exhaustion, which may worsen anxiety and stress.
Severe weather events or sudden changes, like thunderstorms, heatwaves or cold snaps, can also heighten symptoms for individuals with certain mental health conditions, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) or bipolar.
Understanding how the weather impacts your mental health can help you better prepare and adapt to these changes, ensuring you maintain your wellbeing throughout the year.
myths about weather
weather doesn’t significantly affect mental health
While not everyone is equally affected, reports show that weather changes can influence mood and mental health known as ‘weather reactivity’, particularly for those already experiencing conditions like depression or anxiety.
weather-triggered mood changes are purely psychological
Weather changes can physically impact the body, including altering hormone levels, disrupting sleep and influencing brain chemistry – all of which can contribute to poor mental health.
rainy days only make people sad
Rainy weather can have a calming effect for some people, providing a sense of cosiness or an opportunity to slow down. The impact of weather is highly individual.
How does weather affect mental health?
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Shorter daylight hours during autumn and winter can lead to Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a condition characterised by low mood, fatigue and lack of motivation. Reduced sunlight exposure can disrupt circadian rhythms and lower serotonin production. This can become a further issue when the clock changes happen in spring and autumn.
Heat and irritability
During the summer, prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to increased irritability, restlessness and even aggression. Physical discomfort caused by heat can exacerbate symptoms of anxiety and other mental health conditions.
Isolation during extreme weather
Adverse weather conditions, such as heavy rain, snow or heatwaves, can limit outdoor activities and social interactions, leading to feelings of isolation and loneliness.
Sensory overload
Bright sunlight, high winds or intense storms can overstimulate people with sensory sensitivities, such as those with autism or anxiety or, in some cases, PTSD.
Climate anxiety
The increasing frequency of extreme weather events locally and globally, such as storms, floods and heatwaves, is often linked to concerns about climate change.
Financial worries
Higher energy bills for heating or cooling, repairs to weather-damaged property, or additional transport costs can all contribute to financial strain and money worries. This financial pressure, especially for those on a tight budget, may increase feelings of stress and overwhelm, impacting overall mental health.
What can I do?
Embrace natural light
Spend time outdoors, when possible, particularly during daylight hours. Sunlight helps regulate your circadian rhythm and improves mood. If natural light is scarce, consider using a light therapy lamp.
Stay active indoors
When extreme weather limits outdoor activities, engage in indoor exercises or hobbies. Physical activity releases endorphins, which boost mood and reduce stress.
Connect with others
Reach out to friends, family or community groups. Making new relationships can alleviate feelings of isolation and provide emotional support during challenging weather conditions.
Practice relaxation techniques
Whether it’s rainy, snowy, or unbearably hot, relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, grounding and mindfulness can help manage stress and improve overall wellbeing.
Use soothing tools
When dealing with extreme weather, try calming techniques like using weighted blankets on stormy days or listening to white noise to drown out unsettling sounds.
planning for weather changes
Being proactive can make a big difference in how you handle weather-related mental health challenges.
Monitor weather forecasts to prepare for upcoming changes. Stock up on items like sunscreen, warm clothing or rain gear to ensure you’re ready for any conditions. Create a list of indoor and outdoor activities to stay engaged with no matter the weather. Anticipating the effects of weather changes can help you feel more in control and reduce potential stress.
If certain weather conditions (like heat or storms) worsen symptoms of your existing condition, create a personal safety plan. This could include staying hydrated during heatwaves, using noise-cancelling headphones during storms or preparing safe spaces.
support
Our Advice and Support Service is open Monday to Friday, 10am to 4pm (closed for lunch between 12.30pm and 1.30pm), where advisers can signpost you to local support that most fits your needs, including our Change Mental Health services. We offer initial advice on money worries and help to deal with emergencies.
Contact 0808 8010 515, email us at advice@changemh.org or fill out the enquiry form on the Advice and Support Service page.
