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the impact of trauma

the impact of trauma

trauma can have long-lasting effects on both mental and physical health, shaping how individuals think, feel and respond to the world around them

Trauma is the emotional response to a distressing or disturbing event. It can be caused by a variety of experiences, including accidents, abuse, violence or natural disasters. While everyone responds to traumatic events differently, trauma often leaves lasting emotional scars. People may struggle with intense feelings of fear, helplessness or horror long after the event has passed. 

The effects of trauma can be wide-ranging, impacting a person’s mental and physical health. Traumatic experiences can lead to conditions such as anxiety, depression or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It can also affect relationships, work and everyday life, with survivors often feeling isolated or disconnected from others. Understanding its impact is crucial to supporting recovery and promoting mental wellbeing. 

common myths about trauma

only major events cause trauma

It is not always the result of catastrophic events. Situations that may seem minor to others, such as ongoing criticism, exclusion or emotional neglect, can be deeply traumatic for someone. 

trauma is purely psychological

Trauma’s impact goes beyond mental health. It often manifests physically, causing symptoms like chronic pain, fatigue, headaches and digestive problems.

time heals all wounds

Simply waiting for trauma to pass may not be enough for many people. While some may naturally heal over time, others need professional support to address its deep-rooted impact on their life. 

what is trauma? 

Trauma is a psychological and emotional response to experiences that are deeply disturbing or life-threatening. It can result from a single event, such as an accident, or prolonged exposure to harmful situations like domestic violence or childhood abuse. 

Trauma can leave individuals feeling overwhelmed, helpless or terrified. The emotional wounds can last long after the physical danger has passed, influencing how a person interacts with the world and copes with stress. Common responses to trauma include sensory disturbances, avoidance of reminders of the event and heightened anxiety. 

impact of trauma
on mental health

The mental health effects of trauma are often severe. PTSD, in particular, causes people to relive their trauma through flashbacks, nightmares or intrusive memories. These symptoms can make it difficult for a person to function in their daily life, leading to a constant state of heightened alertness or fear. This condition is not limited to people in the armed forces or those who have experienced violence. Anyone who has gone through a traumatic event can develop PTSD. 

Anxiety is another common response to trauma. After experiencing a traumatic event, a person may feel constantly on edge, worrying about potential dangers. Even normal, everyday situations can trigger a heightened sense of fear. It can also lead to depression, particularly if the person feels isolated or disconnected from others as a result of their experiences. In some cases, survivors may turn to unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as substance use, in an attempt to numb their feelings. 

the long-term impact
of trauma

Without proper support, trauma can have lasting effects. Over time, if unresolved, it may lead to a sense of emotional numbness or disconnection. Survivors might avoid situations that remind them of the traumatic event, even if it means withdrawing from normal life. This avoidance can hinder recovery and prevent people from living fully. 

The long-term effects of trauma are not only emotional but physical. The body’s stress response, activated by trauma, can lead to chronic health issues such as heart disease, high blood pressure and autoimmune disorders. Mental health and physical health are deeply interconnected, and untreated trauma can result in long-term illness that affects a person’s quality of life. 

what can you do? 

If you or someone you know has been affected by trauma, there are several ways to start the recovery process: 

  • Seek professional support from a therapist trained in trauma-informed care, which is a way of providing health and care that recognizes how it can affect a person’s brain, body, mind, and social development. 
  • Explore mindfulness or relaxation techniques, like grounding, to help manage symptoms of anxiety and stress. 
  • Connect with trauma support groups or peer networks to share experiences in a safe environment. 
  • Practice self-compassion and allow time for healing without pressure. 

support

Our Advice and Support Service is open Monday to Friday, 10am to 4pm (closed for lunch between 12.30pm and 1.30pm), where advisers can signpost you to local support that most fits your needs, including our Change Mental Health services. We offer initial advice on money worries and help to deal with emergencies.

Contact 0808 8010 515, email us at advice@changemh.org or fill out the enquiry form on the Advice and Support Service page.

Other resources 

  • SurvivorsUK provides support to male and non-binary survivors of sexual abuse and trauma. 
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